iekbfl dI hkIkq df, dfKf dI nsIhq ‘c jvfb.
iekbfl dI hkIkq
df, dfKf dI nsIhq ‘c jvfb.
Ramoowalia and Dakha
siqkfr Xog iekbfl,
mYN afp jI nMU muslm
ihMdU jF iswK, iks hYsIaq ivwc sMboDn hovF, ieh mYnMU smJ nhIN pYNdI pr mYN
iswK Drm df aMg hox krky afp jI nfl gurU Pqih rfhIN hI ivcfrF dI sFJ sLurU krdf
hF.
vfihgurU jI kf Kflsf, vfihgurU jI kI Pqih]
mYnMU ieh nhIN pqf ik
afp iekbfl rfm ho, iekbfl Kfn ho, iekbfl alI ho, iekbfl kOr ho, iekbfl isMG ho,
jF kuwJ hor. ijhVf mrd jF aOrq afpxI pihcfx hI lukfAuNdf iPry Aus qoN smfj nMU
AusfrU pwK dI afs nhIN rwKxI cfhIdI. jdoN iensfn akl nMU Cwz cqurfeI qoN kMm
lYNdf hY qF Auh mUrKF dI kqfr ivwc hMudf hY. iehI hfl iekbfl df hY.
kuwJ smF pihlF vI afp
ny mYnMU iewk kryilaF vrgy kOVy lPjF aqy ivcfrF dI eI myl ByjI sI, ijs df mYN
afp nMU Ausy lihjy ‘c hI jvfb idwqf sI. pr hux iPr qusIN imTy bolF ‘c kOVy
ivcfr lY ky af hfjLr hoey ho. mYnMU qusIN muslmfn qF jfpdy nhIN, ikAuNik koeI
vI muslmfn iswK kOm dI ajLfdI (Kfilsqfn) dI ivroDqf nhIN krdf aqy nf hI koeI
muslmfn ho ky bfkI muslmfnF dI ivroDqf krdf hY pr qusIN ieh sB kuwJ kr rhy ho.
qusIN mYnMU iswK vI nhIN jfpdy, ikAuNik hr roj ardfs ivwc rfj krygf Kflsf df
dohrf pVHn vflf iswK, iswK rfj dI (Kfilsqfn dI) ivroDqf nhIN kr skdf. ijhVf
ivroDqf krdf hovygf Auh quhfzy vrgf gYr iswK hI ho skdf hY. qusIN mYnMU ihMdUaF
dI aMs ‘coN hI jfpdy ho, ikAuNik quhfzy ivcfr iswK aqy muslmfn dohF ivroDI hI
hn. qusIN mYnMU afr aYs aYs dy ruldf rfm qoN ruldf isMG hI bxy jfpdy ho,
ikAuNik quhfzy aqy Aus dy ivcfrF aqy nIqIaF ‘c koeI bhuqf aMqr njLr nhIN
afAuNdf. jy kr qusIN iswK hI ho qF quhfnMU aYsI ilKq ilKx qoN pihlF afpxy mMUh
qy jor jor dI cpyVF mfr lYxIaF cfhIdIaF hn, qF ik quhfnMU kuwJ Crm qF afvy, ik
qusIN kI ho qy kI ilwK rhy ho.
iekbfl jI:- qusIN
afpxy ivcfr bdl lvo, quhfzf sMsfr bdl jfvygf. qusIN afpxy afp nMU AusfrU ivcfrF
df hMugfrf idA, quhfzy aMdr suqIaF ihMmqf jfg pYxgIaF. ihmMqF vI Auh jo smyN
dIaF kfiql srkfrF dy qKqo qfj pltf dyx dI smrQf rwKdIaF hn. ieh vI jLrUr Xfd
rwKxf, ik :-
zUMgIaF jVF vfly ruwK
jldI nhIN murJfAuNdy,
zUMgIaF socF vfly
ivakqI CyqI nhIN GbrFAuNdy.
qusIN mYnMU ilKy Kwq
ivwc iswK kOm dI ajLfdI df rwj ky PUl bxfieaf hY. quhfzy svflF dy jvfb ilwKx
qoN pihlF mYN quhfzy nfl kuwJ jrUrI nukqy ivcfr lYxy cfhMudf hF. gRihsqI iensfn
ijLMdgI ‘c cfr pVfvF ‘c dI ivcrdf hoieaf afpxy jIvn dI ryl nMU awgy qordf hY.
1-jMnm df pVfa (sMsfr
‘c pYdf hoxf).
2-mOq df pVfa (sMsfr
‘coN cly jfxf).
3-jMnm aqy mOq dy
drimafn ivafh df pVfa.
4-kfr ivhfr kridaF
kIqIaF kmfeIaF ‘coN tYks Brn df pVfa.
ihMdI ihMdU ihMdUsqfn
‘c rihMidaF iswK iehnF cfry pVfvF ‘c ihMdUaf df gulfm hY, ijvyN ik:-
1-iswK nMU jMnm
srtIiPkyt ihMdU koz muqfibk pRfpq hMudf hY.
2-iswK nMU mOq
srtIiPkyt ihMdU koz muqfibk pRfpq hMudf hY.
3-iswK nMU ivafh df
srtIiPkyt ihMdU koz muqfibk pRfpq hMudf hY.
4-iswK nMU afpxI ikrq
kmfeI df tYks ihMdU koz muqfibk Brnf pYNdf hY.
ihMdI ihMdU ihMdUsqfn
‘c rihMidaF ieh sfry ihMdU koz iswK kOm qy lfgU hn pr ieh sfry koz iesfeIaF aqy
muslmfnF qy lfgU nhIN hn, aYsf ikAuN ? iekbfl jI ienHF svflF dy jvfb jrUr idAu.
ihMdU koz iswK kOm dy hwQF pYrF ivwc gulfmI dy sMgl hn. ies gulfmI nMU qoVn leI
qusIN kI kIqf hY? kI kr rhy ho? kI kr skdy ho?
dunIaf ivwc vwK vwK
nslF dy, vwK vwK DrmF dy lokF kol afpo afpxy mulk hn. iswK vI iewk vwKrI nsl
‘qy vKrf Drm hY, ies kol afpxf mulk nhIN hY, ijvyN ik :-
1-dunIaF ivwc
kirscIan nsl hY qF ies nsl kol afpxf Gr(afpxf mulk) hY.
2-dunIaf ivwc muslm
nsl hY qF ies nsl kol afpxf Gr(afpxf mulk) hY.
3-dunIaF ivwc ihMdU
nsl hY qF ies nsl kol afpxf Gr(afpxf mulk) hY.
4-dunIaF ivwc iswK
nsl vI hY pr ies nsl kol afpxf Gr(afpxf mulk)nhIN hY.
jy dUsrIaF nslF aqy
dUsry DrmF dy lokF nMU afpxI hoNd nMU bcfAux leI afpxy Gr(afpxy mulk)dI loV
mihsUs hoeI qF AunHF ny bxf ley. kI iswK nsl aqy iswK Drm nMU bcfAux leI sfnMU
afpxy Gr(afpxy mulk)dI loV nhIN ?. iekbfl jI jy qusIN gulfm hI rihxf hY qF
quhfnMU ihMdUaF dI gulfmI nfloN aMgryjF dI gulfmI ikqy vwD cMgI sI. jy dysL dI
srhd qy jf ky lVnf pvy qF iswK bhfdr kOm hY. jy iehI dysL dI bhfdr iswK kOm,
dysL dy aMdr brfbr dy sLihrI bx ky rihx dy hwk mMg lvy qF ihMdI ihMdU
ihMdUsqfnI ieh nfary lgfAuNdy hn :-
dysL ky gdfroN ko,
mfro ien srdfroN ko.
iekbfl, vIr dfKf sfihb mYN quhfzI KLfilsqn leI
kuimtmYNt dI qF dfd dyNdf hF.
dfKf, iekbfl jI, mYN KfilsqfnI sI nhIN, pr mYnMU
qhfzy ihMdI ihMdU ihMdUsqfnI awiqafcfrF dy awqvfd ny keI vfr julmF dI BwTI ‘c
suwt suwt ky KfilsqfnI bxf Diraf.
jo mYnMU, quhfzy ihMdU awqvfd ny bxf idwqf, hux mYN AuhI hF hor kuwJ nhIN. myrI
KfilsqfnI kuimtmYNt dI qusIN dfd idwqI hY, imhrbfnI-sLuwkrIaf-DMnvfd, afp df.
hux qusIN vI dws idAu ik quhfzI kuimtmYNt iswK kOm dI ajLfdI dy hwk ivwc hY jF
nhIN. jy qusIN iswK kOm dI ajLfdI dy hwk ivwc nhIN ho qF quhfzy aMdr ihMdU
awqvfd kuwt kuwt ky Biraf hoieaf hY. guriswKI isDFqF dI hr qrHF dy awqvfd nfl
twkr rhI hY, twkr cl rhI hY, twkr cldI rhygI.
iekbfl jI,
asIN amn amfn sFqI dI
kfiemI leI hr iewk dy nfl KVHy hF,
pr quhfzy ihMdU
awqvfd dy mUhry sInf qfx KVHy hF.
quhfzIaF BfrqI isafsI
kursIaF AuWpr mrIaF jmIrF vfly lok bYTy hn, ijhnF nMU kdy bfbr cMgf lgdf hY,
kdy aOrMgjyb, kdy ieMdrf, kdy rfjIv, kdy ibMaqf. Jwulsy prF nfl kbUqrF leI
AuzfrI Brnf aOKf hY. awg ivwc BuMny bIj jLmIn c tMgUr nhIN mfrdy. bfrUd nfl
bMjr kr idwqI geI pMjfb Kfilsqfn dI DrqI c hux ihMdUsqfnI ihMdU awqvfdI lok,
sLFqI dI KyqI krnf cfhMudy hn. sLFqI, jyb c pfAux vflI vsq nhIN. sLFqI, bMdUk
dI KfmosLI df nF nhIN hY. sLFqI pMjfb Kfilsqfn dy sfVy gey kmfd coN AuWTdI gMD
aqy qopF nfl Pnfh kIqy Pfrm hfAUs coN AuiTaf hONkf nhIN. sLFqI, Jony dy Kyq c
peIaF JUTy puils mukfbly c mfry iswK gwBrUaF dIaF lfsLF nhIN hn.
ihMdU awqvfdI lok
cfhMudy hn ik iswKF dy ijAUx dI cfhq dI lfsL AuWpr sLFqI df icwtf JMzf lihrfa
idwqf jfvy. 1947 qoN bfad df iswK KfVkUpuxf iksy kuwK coN nhIN jMimaf,
ihMdUsqfnI ihMdU awqvfdI hflfqF ny ies nMU pYdf kIqf hY. pMjfb Kfilsqfn ivwc
asfltF cuwkx leI, asfltF cuwkx qoN vwD dosLI Auh hn, ijnHF aijhy hflq pYdf kIqy
ik BfrqI isstm aqy ihMdU mfPIaf dy sqfey hoey iswK gWBrU bMdUk dI BfsLf bolx.
iswK KfVkUpuxy df asl jnMm (ihMdU awqvfd) puils dy puCigwC kydrF aqy TfixaF
ivwc hoieaf hY. drKq qy puwTf ltkfAuxf, mfr mukf dyx vflI pIV dyx vfly pwtF qy
lfey Gotxy, ibjLlI dy sLft, nohF df iKicaf igaf mfs, afdmI aMdr bgfvq aqy nPrq
df aijhf BFbV bfl idMdf hY ik ijhVf afpxf afp vI sfVdf hY aqy dUsiraF nMU vI.
iewk vfr ihMdU awqvfd dy Qfxy jF puWCigC sYNtr c kOVf qjLrbf hMZf afieaf iswK
gWBrU muV Gr nhIN jfxf cfhMudf. TIk iesy qrHF hI hux mYN vI Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI
qoN ibnF quhfzy ihMdUsqfnI Gr ‘c vfps nhIN afAuxf cfhMudf.
iekbfl, qusIN inrf josL hI josL pRgtfa rhy ho, jLrf
TMMzy mqy nflL soco.
dfKf, sfzf Kfndfn gdfrF dIaF gdfrIaF krky nhIN blik
CyvyN pfqsLfh jI dIaF asLIrvfdF krky hI awgy vwD Puwl irhf hY. sfzy Kfndfn coN
vzyiraF ny gdfrIaF dy ruqby nhIN blik buwzf dl dy purfqn ieiqhfs ‘c jQydfrIaF
dy ruqby pfey hn. buwzf dl dy purfqn ieiqhfs coN jQydfr bfbf rfm isMG aqy
jQydfr bfbf virafm isMG dy ieiqhfs nMU, qusIN ijlf luiDafxf dy rkbf ipMz ‘c
phMuc ky CyvyN pfqsLfh jI dy nfl sbMiDq gurduafrf dmdmf sfihb dy mUhry lwgy
icwty rMg dy borzF qoN vI pVH skdy ho, aqy aMdroN jf ky ies asQfn nfl sbMiDq
jfxkfrI vI pRfpq kr skdy ho. ies leI mYnMU guVqI pMQ dy gdfrF coN nhIN blik pMQ
dy vPfdfr josLIly Kfndfn aqy josLIly pirvfr coN hI imlI hY. ies leI kudrqI hI
myry aMdr josL hY. iswK kOm dy jOsLIly josL ny quhfzy ihMdUsqfnIaF nMU ajLfd
krfieaf, quhfzy ihMdUaF dy TMzy mqy ny ajLfd ho ky jrfiem pysLf df iKqfb iswK
kOm dy gwl ‘c pfieaf. jy iswK kOm ny josL nf idKfieaf hMudf, qF ihMdUsqfnI
ihMdUaF ny 1947 ‘c ajLfdI nMU nf pfieaf hMudf. jy iswK kOm ny josL nf idKfieaf
hMudf qF muslm hkUmq ny sfry ihMdUaf dy gilaF ‘coN jMJU lfieaf hMudf. ihMdU
aikRqGxF dy TMzy mqy dy kfrn hI dunIaF dIaF qkrIbn sfrIaF hI hkUmqF ny, iehnF
ihMdUaF nMU KUwb luitaf aqy KUwb kuitaf hY, kuwJ hkUmqF ny iehnF dy mMUh ‘c
Qwuikaf vI hY.. iehnF dy TMzy mqy dy kfrn hI hr jLfbr, ienHF qy hmlfvr bx ky
afieaf pr iswK kOm dy josL ny hI hmlfvrF dy mMUh BMny aqy dMd Kty kIqy. cIn aqy
pfiksqfn nMU ihMdUsqfnI POjF pfs mfrU hiQafrF df Auqnf zr nhIN, ijqnf
ihMdUsqfnI POjF pfs, josL aqy cVHdI klHf vflIaF iswK POjF df zr hY. aPgfinsqfn
dy ieiqhfs qy vI njLr mfr lYxI, Auh awj qwk iswKF dy josL agy Juwk ky iswKF df
gulfm jLrUr bixaf hY pr iswKF qoN ielfvf hor iksy df vI gulfm nhIN irhf.
siqkfr Xog iekbfl,
qusIN pihlF josL vfly guriswK mwq aqy TMzy mqy vfly ihMdU mwq dy ieiqhfs nMU
pVHo suxo ivcfro, iPr josL aqy TMzy mqy dI mYnMU iswiKaf dyx dI koisLsL kirAu
aqy quhfnMU vI smJ pY jfvygI ky iehnF josL aqy TMzy mqy dohF ‘c kI aMqr hY. ajLfdI pRfpq krn leI hmyCF hosL ‘qy
josL nfl hI Auprfly krny pYNdy hn sMGrsL krny pYNdy hn. huwx(iswKF)kol do hI
rfh hn.
(1)jF qF ihMdosqfn
aMdr TMzy mqy nfl gulfm bx ky
rihxf iswKx
(2)jF iPr Kfilsqfn dI
pRfpqI leI hosL ‘qy josL nfl jUJx.
so iswK kOm ny dohF
‘coN iewk rfh cux ilaf hY iswK kOm dI ajLfdI (Kfilsqfn) dI pRfpqI df. iswK kOm
dy josLIly qy juJfrU lIzrF ny 29 apRYl 1986 nMU Kfilsqfn df aYlfn kIqf sI aqy 7
akqUbr 1987 nMU Kfilsqfn dI srkfr dy ivhfP qy kONsl afP Kfilsqfn hoNd ‘c afeI
sI, jo iswK kOm dy josLIly sihXog nfl Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI leI sMGrsL kr rhI hY.
iekbfl jI, jdoN qwk
AudysL aqy afdrsL spsLt nf hox AudoN qwk ijMLdgI coNdy hoey GVy vFg sdf KflI hI
rhygI, iehI hfl mYnMU quhfzI ilKq ‘coN quhfzI ijLMdgI df jfpdf hY. quhfzy ivcfr
mYnMU iqVky GVy df pfxI hI jfpdy hn, jo klH qwk nhIN rihxy.
pMjfb Kfilsqfn
kbrsqfn nhIN bxnf cfhMudf, pMjfb Kfilsqfn ijMdgI cfhuMdf hY, inaF qy gYrq vflI.
ieh, pMjfb Kfilsqfn df hwk hY. ijhVf, ihMdI ihMdU ihMdUsqfnI awqvfd nMU, iewk
idn dyxf hI pvygf, Kfilsqfn dy rUp ivwc.
iekbfl, vIr jI qusIN hI dwso ik kI pfiksqfn "pfk
pivqr" hY ik gMdgI, kurpsLn, KihbfjLI, grIbI, DwkyKorI, qy hr burafeI nflL
siVaFd mfrdf CwpV?
dfKf, ieh gwlF krdy qusIN qF cMgy lgdy ho jy ieh sB
kuwJ quhfzy ihMdI ihMdU ihMdUsqfn ivwc nhIN hY. kI quhfzy ihMdUsqfn ivwcoN
siVaFd mfrdy poKr aqy CwpV Kqm ho gey hn ? iekbfl jI qusIN iksy vI ihMdU Kwdr
posL df Kwdr cuwk ky dyKogy qF quhfnMU iek siVaFd mfrdf ihMdU iPrkf pRsq njLr afvygf, ies qoN Gwt kuwJ nhIN. jwd Gr
ivc nf rhy eykf, BfeIaF ivc pYjy pycf qF smJo Gr dI brbfdI hY. iekbfl jI,
ihMdUsqfn ‘c bhuigxqIaF ny Gwt igxqIaF nfl pycy pf ley hn ies leI hux quhfzy
ihMdUsqfn dI brbfdI nMU koeI nhIN rok skdf.
*ksLmIr qoN kMinaf
kumfrI qwk bhuwq sfry Bfrq hn, bysLumfr slqnqF hn, prjf hY, rfjy hn.
*ieqhfs dI nPrq dy sB
pfqr, sB GtnfvF aqy sB kFz ijAuN dy iqAuN qyry aqy myry vrqmfn c ijAuNdy
hn.
*nF aOrMgjyb ikwDry
igaf hY, nF bfbr awjy miraf hY, nF eIst ieMzIaf kMpnI jlfvqn hoeI hY, nf aMgryjL
nMU dysL inkflf imilaf hY.
*ajy qF jilaF vflf
bfg vI ieQy hI ikDry sPr kr irhf hY.
*kfql, jmhUrIaq df
iewk burkf hY, jo kdy koeI pihndf hY kdy koeI.
*burky aMdrlf sLfsLk
kdy ihtlr bx jFdf hY, kdy mMsolnI, kdy aOrMgjyb, kdy aMgryj, kdy ieMdrf, kdy rfjIv, kdy ibMaqf, kdy rya rbYro, kdy
ky pI aYs igwl.
*ihMdUsqfnI jmhUrIaq,
ihMdU awqvfdI kfqlF leI Gwt igxqI iswKF dI bybsI df ryqlf itwbf hY, ijs nMU kdy
jMUn 84 AuWzf ky lY jFdI hY qy kdy nvMbr 84.
*BfrqI sMivDfn ihMdU
awqvfdIaF vwloN kql ho cuwkf hY.
*BfrqI jmhUrIaq ihMdU
awqvfd vwloN jlfvqn kr idwqI geI hY.
*BfrqI pfrlImYNt dIaF
gol kMDF dy ZkONsly c BfrqI ksfeI (ihMdU awqvfdI) juVdy hn, jo ihMdI ihMdU
ihMdUsqfn ‘c Gwt igxqIaf nMU ijbf krn dIaF qrqIbF GVdy hn.
*BfrqI lokqMqr ihMdU
awqvfd hwQoN agvf ho igaf hY.
*BfrqI lokqMqr ihMdU
awqvfd dy pRBfv hyT guMmrfh ho igaf hY.
*BfrqI lokqMqr ihMdU
awqvfd dy hwQoN bygunfhF dy KMUn vfly CwpV c zuwb ky mr igaf hY.
*BfrqI lokqMqr ihMdU
awqvfd ‘c guMm ho igaf hY pr ikqy irpoRt drjL nhIN .
*BfrqI lokqMqr ihMdU
awqvfd vwloN kql kr idwqf igaf hY pr kfnMUn ny koeI kfrvfeI nhIN kIqI.
*BfrqI sivMDfn pfV
idwqf igaf pr kuwJ nhIN vfpiraf.
*ijwQy Gwt igxqIaF dy
lok gfjrF mUlIaF vFg vwZy tuwky jfx, Aus nMU afpxf mulk kihx qoN pihlF, afpxy
afp nMU iksy mfnisk hspqfl coN cYk krvf lYxf cfhIdf hY.
*mulk qF idlF c DVkdf
aihsfs hMudf hY, jdoN idlF dy DVkn qy pfbMdI lwg jfvy qF mulk df dm Guwt jFdf
hY. hux Bfrq (ihMdUsqfn) dy nF AuWqy iewk ksfeI Kfnf hY, ijQy Gt igxqIaF ijbf
hMudIaF hn, ijQy gYr ihMdUaF df mfs ivkdf hY, ijQy lok Jtky gey bkry dI qrF,
TfixaF c puTy ltkfey jFdy hn.
*ihMdI ihMdU
ihMdUsqfn mulk c guMizaF dI slqnq dy nfgirk hox qy bhuwq sLrm afAuNdI hY.
*dm Guwt ky mr rhy
Bfrq (ihMdUsqfn) mulk c ijAUx df koeI hj bfkI nhIN irhf.
*sB pfsy mOq dy bjLfr
hn, sOdyvfjLI hY, svfrQ hn, lfcfrI hY, hMJU hn, afhF hn, hOky hn, qrly hn, sMgl
hn, hQwkVIaF hn, bMdUkF hn, gwl GutIaF ieCfvF hn, cuwly ivwc sVdf pyt df sMqfp hY.
*ihMdUsqfn mulk qF
ihMdU mfPIaf rfhIN srkfrF clfAux vfilaF leI kmfeI df AupjfAU Kyq hY, ijs nMU
Gwt igxqIaF leI bMjr bxf idwqf igaf hY.
*hux Bfrq(ihMdUsqfn)
mulk mulk nhIN irhf aqy hfkm hn ik nIdoN hI nhIN jfgdy, ijhVy jfgy hn Auh dysL
DrohI vjoN jfxy jFdy hn.
*Bfrq, hux asIN qyry
jIx dI duaf ikvyN krIey ? sfnMU qF afpxy jIx df iPkr pY igaf hY.
*aY Bfrq, qyry dysL
aMdr loQF dI igxqI ho skdI hY, pr mr gey suPinaF nMU koeI nhIN igx skdf.
*ajLfdI pYrF ivwc
pfey kfnMUnF dy sMgl nhIN huMdy.
*ajLfdI mOq df vpfr
nhIN hY.
*ajLfdI bjLfr ivwc
ivkdf Gwt igxqIaF df mfs nhIN hY.
*ajLfdI qF jIAUx df
suwcf sMklp hY.
*ijwQy ijMdgI DrqI qy
rINgdI hovy, ijwQy inwky inwky bfl jUT dy tuWkiVaF qy pldy hox, ijwQy sLfsLn
bMdUk dI nok qy cldf hovy, ijwQy sLfsLn qy kfnMUn Gwt igxqIaF dy KMUn df
iqhfieaf hovy, AuQy ajLfdI df sMklp sfh nhIN lY skdf.
*Bfrq(ihMdUsqfn) 1947
c vI sV irhf sI aqy awj vI sV irhf hY. Bfrq(ihMdUsqfn) dy hr iKqy ivwc Aus vkq
vI awg mwcdI sI, hux vI ivdroh dy BFbV hn. awj Bfrq(ihMdUsqfn) df pwCm sV irhf
hY, AuWqr qVP irhf hY, pUrb rfK ho irhf hY, dwKx lfl pIlf hoieaf bYTf hY.
iekbfl jI, quhfzf ihMdUsqfn lfl
ikly awgy juVy qmfsLbInF dI BIV c dm GuWtI Kloqf hY. hONkdIaF sVkF qy dOVdf
quhfzf ihMdUsqfn Qwk tuwt cuwkf hY. quhfzf ihMdUsqfn iewk gjL kpwVy leI muQfjL
hY. 400 gRfm (cInI KMz sLUgr) leI lfeInF ivwc ligaf Kloqf hY. quhfzy dysL dy
lIzr aqy pUrf pRsLfsLn krpt ho cuwkf hY.
*ijhVI klm lokF dy hk
swc nfl sFJ nhIN pfAuNdI, Auh klm qoV dyx dy Xog hY. mYnMU jfpdf hY ik iekbfl
dI
klm hI qoV dyx dy Xog nhIN blik mMUh vI
qoV dyx dy Xog hY.
*dyKo quhfzy ihMdI
ihMdU ihMdUsqfnI lokF dI ijMdgI ijAUx df hfl, Pilkr Poto, http://www.flickr.com/photos/37023041@N07/
iekbfl, myry snmfn Xog vIr dfKf jI qusIN hI dwso ik
muslmfnF df ikhVf Kfilsqfn rMgI vsdf hY ijwQoN dy bfisLMdy dyvqy bx gey hn.
dfKf, jo qusIN dUsiraF dy Gr ivwc Jfk ky socdy ho,
kI ieh quhfzy afpxy Gr ivwc sB TIk Tfk ho igaf hY. kI ihMdUsqfn dy qkrIbn 9 sUibaF (pRFqF) dy lok afpxI
ajLfdI leI, quhfzy ihMdUsqfnIaF qoN vwK hox leI nhIN lV rhy. jy quhfzf ihMdUsqfn
rMgIN vsdf hY aqy AuQoN dy bfisMdy dyvqy bx gey hn qF iPr qkrIbn 9 pRFqF dy lok
jo quhfzy nfloN alwg hoxf cfhMudy hn, Auh duKI ikAuN hn? dyviqaF dy rfj ivwc hr
pfsy KusLI df psfrf hMudf hY, nf ik hfhf kfr mcI hMudI hY. quhfzy aKOqI ajLfd
ihMdUsqfn df ikhVf aYsf sUbf hY, ijQy 1947 qoN awj qwk dyviqaF df rfj hY, ds
skdy ho qF dso?
quhfzy rMgIN vsdy
ihMdUsqfn ivwc, ihMdU awqvfd dy hwQoN sqfey iswKF ny lfey hux qwk dy morcy,
idqIaF kurbfnIaF, JWlIaF PfsIaF, gey kfly pfxI, zuilaf sMn 1947 ivwc lhU aqy
hirmMdr sfihb df jUMn 1984 df KUMnI sfkf, nvbMr 1984 dI iswK kqlyafm, dysL
ivdysL ivwc vWsdI sWmucI iswK kOm leI vMgfr bx cWuky hn.
iehI vMgfr hux :-
ihMdUsqfnIA, Kfilsqfn
ajLfd kro
aqy
Kfilsqfn ijLSdfbfd,
ihMdUsqfn murdfbfd df nfarf bx geI hY.
iekbfl jI, sfzf iswKF
df dysL koeI nf,
quhfzy rMgIN vsdy
ihMdusqfn aMdr ihMdU awqvfdIaF qoN mfrF KfeIey,
bfhr ZoeI koeI
nf.
hux iswK kOm nMU ZoeI
isrP Kfilsqfn ivwc hI iml skdI hY hor ikqy nhIN ikAuNik BfrqI kfnMUn lokF leI
nhIN ieh qF ihMdU awqvfdIaF dy awiqafcfrF df hiQafr hY. jo Gwt igxqIaF df gl
vwzx leI aqy dysL nMU agvf krn leI hY.
iekbfl, ijENu pfiksqfn bixaYN koeI vI lokrfjI hkUmq
nhIN cwlI. iewk dUjy df glf vwZ ky dysL dy nyqf gwdI 'qy svfr ho jFdy hn. hux
qusIN hI dwso ik afpxy Kfilsqfn 'c dyvqy ikWQoN ilafvoNgy?
dfKf, ieh gwlF krdy qusIN qF cMgy lgdy ho jy quhfzy
mulk ivwc ihMdUsqfnI ihMdU awqvfd nhIN PYilaf hoieaf? kI ieMdrf gFDI qy afpxy
hI puwqr sMjy gFDI nMU jhfj ivwc hI mrvfAux df dosL nhIN ligaf hoieaf? kI nihrU
qy ieh dosL nhIN ligaf hoieaf ik lfl bhfdr sLfsLqrI nihrU dI eIrKf dI Byt ciVaf
hY? kI nihrU aqy gFDI qy ieh dosL nhIN ligaf hoieaf ik iehnF dI ktV ihMdU soc
dy kfrn hI ijnfh nMU vKry mulk dI mMg rwKxI peI sI. jy quhfzy mulk ivwc lokrfj
hY aqy Aus lok rfj qoN sfry KusL hn qF mhfqmf gFDI aqy rfjIv gFDI ienHF ihMdUaF
df, ihMdUaF dy hwQoN kql ikANu hoieaf ? quhfzy dyviqaF vrgy lokrfjI hkUmq ‘c
ieMdrf gFDI nMU ikANu soDxf ipaf ? quhfzI lokrfjI hkUmq qy kI ieh klMk nhIN
ligaf hoieaf, ik ihMdUsqfnI lokrfjI hkUmq ny afpxy hI sfbkf rfsLtrpqI igafnI
jYl isMG nMU iewk kfr eYksIizMt ivwc mfiraf hY ? asfm imjorm iqRpurf qfml
mhfrfsLtr nfgflYNz afid DfvF qy kI ihMdUaF ny ihMdUaF dy kql nhIN kIqy ? muMbeI ivwc ihMdU awqvfdIaF (bfl
Tfkry-rfj Tfkry) vwloN kI nhIN hoieaf aqy kI nhIN ho irhf ? bfhroN afey hoey
lokF nfl. jy bfl Tfkry jF rfj Tfkry ihMdU awqvfdI muMbeI ivwc mrfTI bolI nMU
lfgU krfAux dI gwl krn qF Auh sqvfdI aqy dysL dy Bgq pr dUsry pfsy pMjfb ivwc,
iswK jy pMjfbI bolI nMU sFq meI qrIikaF nfl vI lfgU krfAux dI gwl krn qF (bfl
Tfkry-rfj Tfkry) smyq sfry ihMdUaF dIaF ingfhF ‘c iswK awqvfdI qy vwKvfdI bx
jFdy hn.
quhfzy muqfibk jy
pfiksqfn ivwc lokrfjI hkUmq nhIN qF sfzy muqfibk ihMdUsqfn ivwc vI lokrfjI
hkUmq nhIN blik ihMdU awqvfd df rfj hY. ies ihMdU awqvfdI rfj df aMq vI asIN
iewk idn jrUr krFgy, TIk Ausy qrF ijvyN muslm hkUmqF aqy aMgryjF dy rfj df aMq
kIqf sI. ijvyN quhfnMU 1947 ‘c ajLfd krfieaf sI TIk Ausy qrIky iewk idn sfzf vI
Kfilsqfn jrUr ajLfd hovygf.
iekbfl jI, ijMnI
juJfrU bfgI iswK lihr bc geI hY ijwq leI aqy Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI leI AuqnI hI
kfPI hY. iswK iewk vKrI kOm hY aqy Kfilsqfn dI muSkml sQfpnf dI jdo jihd
jfrI hY. ieh vI Xfd rwiKAu, ik isr
isrP qUVI dIaF pMzF cuwkx leI hI nhIN bxy blik gulfmI dy sMgl qoV ky, ajLfdI dy
JMzy JulfAux leI vI hn. kuwqf BfvyN ihMdUsqfnIaF df hovy jF amrIkf ieMglYNz df
hovy, lwq cuwk ky hI muqdf hY. TIk iesy qrHF hI iekbfl vrgy ihMdUsqfnI, dunIaF
‘c ijQy mrjI rihMdy hox, pr ieh hn, iswK Drm, iswK smfj, iswK swiBafcfr, iswK
ivrsf, iswK sMGrsL, dI cVHdI kwlHf dy ivroDI.
iekbfl, dunIaF ivwc muslmfnF dy 50 qoN vwD KLfilsqfn
hn, pr myry snmfnXog dfKf vIr jI qusIN hI dwso ik muslmfnF df ikhVf Kfilsqfn
rMgI vsdf hY ijwQoN dy bfisLMdy dyvqy bx gey hn.
dfKf, quhfzf qF Auh hfl hY, ik afpxIaF kwC ‘c lokF
dIaF hwQ ‘c. kI quhfzf ihMdUsqfn BuwKmfrI anpVqf grIbI byrujLgfrI irsLvqKorI
nsLfKorI jfqpfq afid nfl lVdf hoieaf rMgI vsdf hY ? quhfzy mulk ‘c zfkU cor
lutyry aqy iensfnIaq dy kfiql AupRMq sfry ihMdU awqvfdI kI dyvqy bx gey hn?
quhfzy ihMdUsqfn smyq nypfl iqbq ‘c lok kI sFqI nfl rihMdy hn jF AuQy vI bgfvqF
dIaF lihrF cldIaF rihMdIaF hn? iksy df iDafn pRfpq krn vfsqy, afqm ivsLvfsL dI
Gft vfly lok arQhIx gwlF krdy hn qF jo Auh dUsiraF dy noits ivwc af skx aqy
vwKrI qrF dy lwgx, iehI hfl iekbfl df hY. afh dyKo quhfzy ihMdUsqfnI dyviqaF
vrgy bfisMLdyaF dy kfry. ieh PotoaF qF quhfnMU iewk iesLfry mfqr hI hn pr dl
Kflsf alfieSs pfs hor vI bhuwq ijLafdf ihMdU awqvfd nfl sbMiDq PotoaF mOjUd hn.
Pilkr Poto, ieMzIaf tYroirst kMntrI, http://www.flickr.com/photos/23645958@N05/
iekbfl, hor dwso ik gurdvfry iswKF dy imnI Kfilsqfn
hn. ikhVf gurdvfrf hY ijWQy iswK pRDfngIaF ipwCy dfhVIE dfhVI nhIN huMdy,
ikrpfno-ikrpfnI qy DIE-BYxI nhIN huMdy? siqkfrXog dfKf jIE, iewk gurdvfrf qF
iswKF qoN smUQlI cldf nhIN, Kfilsqfn ikwQoN clf lvoNgy?
dfKf, gurduafiraF ‘c nf guriswK lVy, nf hI lV rhy
hn, nf hI lVngy. pr ijhVyaF gurduafiraF ‘c ihMdU awqvfdIaF dI, afr aYs aYs dI
jF hor vI iswK ivroDIaF dI, quhfzy vrgy dustF rfhIN msMd ibrqI GuspYT kr geI hY
AuhnF nfl guriswKF dI twkr rhI hY aqy rhygI. iekbfl jI, iswK ny Drm kfiem rwKx vfsqy XuwD krnf hY, XuwD
ivwc vI Drm nhIN Cwzxf. iswK ny Drm vI ieMj inBfAuxf hY ijvyN XuwD ijwqxf hovy.
iekbfl jI, ijhVf GoVf Bfr iKwcdf hY Auh dulwqI nhIN mfr skdf, ijhVf dulwqI
mfrdf hY Auh Bfr nhIN iKwc skdf. afAu iswK kOm qy afey duwKF df Bfr iKwcxf
iswKIey-dulwqI mfrnf CwzIey. bfgIaF dy isr klm hox nfl bgfvq dI Bfvnf mrdI
nhIN. bgfvq krn vfly isrF nMU vwZ vI idAu qF vI bgfvq dI icxg ikqy nf ikqy peI
sulgdI rhygI. awj iswK kOm dI ajLfdI (Kfilsqfn) dI icxg vI sulgdI peI ey, ieh
kdy vI lfvf bx skdI hY. iswK ivroDI PotoaF dyKx leI kilk kro Pilkr Poto http://www.flickr.com/photos/22229019@N04/
iekbfl, qusIN khogy ik mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG sfzf
afeIzIal hY, pr mhfrfjf iswK sLkl sUrq vflLy iewk ivakqI df rfj sI nf ik iswKI
isDFqf df, afpnUM pqf hI hovygf ik mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG isry df afXfsL sI,
qIvINbfjL sI, kMjrIaF df sLOkIn sI, sLrfb aPIm df KulHf syvn krdf sI. ieh
ieljLfm nhIN sgoN qfrIKI hkIkq hY.
dfKf, hr iensfn ivwc cMgf pwK vI hMudf hY aqy mfVf
pwK vI. jy qusIN mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dy iswK rfj dI gwl kIqI hY qf qusIN bfbf
bMdf isMG bhfdr dy Kflsf rfj vfry kI kihxf cfhMudy ho, Auh vI kih dyvo. mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG vI iewk iensfn hI sI
koeI dyvqf nhIN, pr quhfzy ihMdU dyvqy iewk dUsiraF dIaF aOrqF nfl hI kukrm
krdy rhy aqy poKrF CpVF ‘c nhfAuNdIaF aOrqF dy kpVy cuwkdy rhy. ieh vI ieljLfm
nhIN sgoN qfrIKI hkIkq hY, ies hkIkq qoN qusIN ikvyN mUMh moVogy. sYks df dUjf
nfm, ihMdU mMdr hn. jf ky dyKo ihMdU mMdrF ‘c sYksI mUrqIaF. jy quhfnMU quhfzy
dyviqaF dy kukrmF AuWpr aqy ihMdU mMdrF ‘c lgIaF sYksI mUrqIaF qy koeI ieqrfj
nhIN qF quhfnMU iksy hor dI prsnl lfeIP qy vI AuNgl cuwkx df koeI aiDkfr nhIN,
pr jy quhfnMU sYks nfl sbMiDq ivcfrF krn df sLONk hY hI qF sfnMU ieh vI ds idAu
ik quhfzy vrgyaF ny ijs ieMdrf gFDI nMU durgf dyvI df iKqfb idwqf hoieaf hY,
Aus ieMdrf dyvI dy 11 ikhVy ikhVy buafey PirMz sn? ieMdrf dyvI afpxy buafey
PirMzF nfl smF rgIn bxfAux leI kI sLrfb df syvn nhIN sI krdI ? iekbfl jI qusIN mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG
rfhIN iswK rfj dI gwl kIqI hY. iswK kOm afpxI hoNd df pRgtfvf 1469 qoN lY ky
hux qwk qkrIbn 541 sflF df krdI hY. ieMny QoVy ijhy sflF ‘c iswK kOm ny iqn vfr
rfj sQfipq kIqf hY aqy hux cOQI vfr rfj sQfipq krn leI iswK kOm sMGrsL kr rhI
hY.
1-iswK kOm ny pihlf
rfj, bfbf bMdf isMG bhfdr dy smyN ‘c Kflsf rfj 1710 ‘c sQfipq kIqf sI. ijs dI 2010
‘c 300 sflf sLqfbdI vI afeI hY.
2-iswK kOm ny dUsrf
rfj, mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dy smyN ‘c iswK rfj sQfipq kIqf sI.
3-iswK kOm ny qIsrf
rfj, aMgryjF qoN 1947 ‘c sQfipq kIqf sI, jo ihMdU mq ny Cwl kwpt krky DoKy nfl
iswK lIzrF qoN hiQaf ilaf sI. asIN quhfzy ihMdUaF qoN kuwJ mMg nhIN rhy aqy nf
hI quhfzf kuwJ Koh jF luwt rhy hF. asIN qF 1849 ‘c DoKy nfl Koieaf hoieaf aqy
1947 ‘c DoKy nfl dibaf hoieaf iswK rfj hI vfips pRfpq krn leI sMGrsL kr rhy
hF.
4-iswK kOm cOQI vfr
rfj, sQfipq krn leI sMGrsL kr rhI hY.
5-jy iswK kOm iqMn
vfr rfj sQfipq kr skdI hY qF hux cOQI vfr vI avsL KfilsqfnI rfj sQfipq hovygf.
iekbfl isMG jI, quhfzI ihMdU mwq kRoVF sflF dI hoNd df pRgtfvf krdI hY. kI
quhfzI ihMdU mwq ny kRoVF sflf’c, 1947 qoN pihlF iewk GMtf vI kdy rfj sQfipq
kIqf hY, kdy afpxI kRMsI jfrI kIqI hY, qF dso. iswK kOm ny qF qkrIbn 541 sflF
‘c iqMn vfr rfj sQfipq kIqf hY aqy iewk vfr qF dl Kflsf ny idwlI Pqih krky Aus
AuWpr KflseI pRMcm vI lihrf idwqf sI.
iekbfl jI iewk ieh vI
gwl Xfd rwiKA ik quhfzy ihMdUsqfn dI ajLfdI iswK sLhIdF dy isivaF qy itwkI hoeI
hY, ijs idn ieh iswK sLhIdF dy isvy TMzy ho gey Ausy idn quhfzy ihMdUsqfn dI
ajLfdI, gulfmI ivwc bdl jfeygI. ijs qrHF quhfnMU 1947 ‘c kRoVF sflF qoN bfad
pihlI vfr rfj Bfg pRfpq hoieaf hY. TIk Ausy qrHF hI hux iPr gulfmI gwl pYx qoN
bfad qusIN ihMdU lok kRoVF sflF bfad hI ajLfdI df mMUh dyK pfAugy. ijvyN muslm
hkUmqF dIaF bxIaF cIjF aMgryjF ny sMBfl leIaF sn. aMgryjF dy rfj ivwc bxIaF
cIjF ihMdUaF ny sFB leIaF hn. ihMdUaf dIaF bxfeIaF cIjF qy awgoN koeI hor vI ml
mfr skdf hY. ikAuNik sLkqI kdy vI iewko rUp jF ieko QF ‘qy siQr nhIN rihMdI.
iekbfl, mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG vfry, KusLvMq isMG dI
ikqfb pVHo awKF KulH jfxgIaF.
dfKf, jy qusIN mYnMU koeI pusqk pVHn dI pRyrnf dyxI
hI sI qF iksy cMgy ilKfrI dI gwl krdy. ieMdrf gFDI vfry crcf hY ik Aus dy 11
qoN vwD buafey PirMz sn, KusLvMq isMG nMU kho ik ieMdrf dy qkrIbn 11 buafey
PirMzF vfry vI ihMdUsqfn dy dyviqaF vrgy bisMdyaF nMU jLrUr jfxkfrI dyvy.
KusLvMq dIaF ikMnIaF grl PirMzF hn aqy Aus ny iknIaf aOrqf nfl sMBog kIqf hY,
ies vfry pVqfl krky sfnMU jLrUr ds dyxf jF KusLvMq isMG nMU kho ik Auh mrn qoN
pihlF afpxI jIvnI ivwc jLrUr ilwK jfvy. KusLvMq isMG Kuwd sLrfb aqy aOrqF df
mrIjL hY (sLOkIn hY), jo qusI ies ivakqI dI Audfhrx idwqI hY, qusIN vI mYnMU
KusLvMq isMG dy ivcfrF dy vI jfpdy ho ikAuNik (amlI nMU amlI iGAu vrgf-amlI nMU
dUjf ivAU vrgf). bMdy df idmfg iewk bgIcy vFg hMudf hY jy afpF cMgy bIj bIjFgy
qF bgIcf suMdr bxygf, pr jy afpF kuwJ vI nhIN bIjFgy qF vI kuwJ nf kuwJ jrUr
pYdf ho jfvygf qy Auh hovygf Gfh PUs, iekbfl dy idmfgI bgIcy ‘c vI Gfh PUs qoN
ibnF hor kuwJ nhIN hY. kF dI inGf aqy soc hmysLF gMdgI ‘c hI cuMj mfrn dI
rihMdI hY, iehI hfl iekbfl df hY.
iekbfl, gurbfxI qF iswiKaf df somF hY, pr ies 'qy aml
ikMny ku krdy ny. iswiKaf qF kurfn vI bQyrI dyNdI hY pr iswiKaf 'qy cldf kOx
hY.
dfKf, kI qusIN afpxy Drm nMU 100% apxfieaf hY. jy
qusIN 100% DrmI hMudy qF qusIN aijhf svfl vI nhIN sI krnf, ikAuNik Drm nMU
smripq iensfn dy qF svfl hI Kqm ho jFdy hn. jy qusIN 100% DrmI hI nhIN qF
quhfnMU aijhI bkvfs nhIN krnI cfhIdI. iekbfl jI, alkmMd lok dUsiraF dIaF glqIaF
qoN iswKdy hn, pr qusIN qF Kuwd dUsiraF dIaF glqIaF nMU icqfr icqfr ky Kuwd
glqIaF krI jFdy ho, iPr quhfzy aqy AunHF ‘c kI aMqr hY dso?
iqMn ivMg nhIN
Cwzdy,
pUwC, swp, qy
rsI.
ienHF nfl cOQf rwl
igaf iekbfl.
iekbfl, vIr dfKf jI, pMjfb qoN bfhr XU pI, sI pI,
hirafxf, rfjsQfn, klkqf, bMby idwlI ibhfr qy hr sUby 'c qkrIbn 70-80 lwK iswK
sLfn nflL vsdy hn ijWQy AunHF dy kfrobfr hn, jLmInF hn, PYktrIaF hn, ahudy nOkrIaF hn. vIr jI, agr Kfilqfn bxn
lwigaf (ijhVf ik KUnKrfby qoN bgLYr bxnf nhIN) qF iehnF pOxF kroV iswKF df
BivsL kI hovygf? ieh AuWjV jfxgy,
dfKf, 1947 ‘c iswKF dIaF kurbfnIaF nfl ihMdUsqfn
ajLfd hox qoN bfad ijvyN sfry sMsfr ‘coN ihMdUaF aqy iswKF nMU vfps ihMdUsqfn
nhIN sI afAuxf ipaf, Auh ijwQy sn aqy ijwQy rihxf cfhMudy sn AuwQy hI rih rhy
hn. TIk Ausy qrHF Kfilsqfn ajLfd hox qy pUry sMsfr ‘coN iswKF nMU vfps Kfilsqfn
‘c muVnf jLrUrI nhI, Auh ijQy vI irhxf cfhux rih skdy hn. jy ihMdUsqfn ‘c iswK
suwriKaq nhIN rih skxgy qF Kfilsqfn ‘c ihMdUaF dy suwriKaq irhx dI vI koeI
gRMtI nhIN ho skdI. dl Kflsf alfieSs, pMQk drdIaf dy sihXog nfl KUMn Krfby qoN
ibnF ihMdUsqfnIaF nfl gol tybl qy bYT ky Kfilsqfn aqy ihMdUsqfn dI hwd bMdI krn
leI iqafr hY, pr KUMn Krfby vrgy sLbdF nMU iesqymfl krky nf qF iswK ieiqhfs nMU
klMkq kIqf jf skdf hY aqy nf hI sfnMU iswK kOm dI ajLfdI dy rsqy (Kfilsqfn dI
pRfpqI) qoN moiVaf jF iQVkfieaf jf skdf hY. iekbfl jI,Auh aYsI ikhVI duwKdfeI
Gtnf hY jo aKOqI ajLfd ihMdUsqfn ivwc 1947 qoN lY ky awj qwk iswK kOm nfl nhIN
vfprI jF vfpr rhIaF GtnfvF qoN aYsI hor ikhVI vKrI Gtnf hY jo vfpr skdI hY?
ihMdU awqvfd vwloN iswK kOm dy AujfVy qF sLurU kIqy hoey hn, hor AujfiVaF dI
rokQfm leI Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI jLrUrI hY.
pMjfb ivwc jy gwl pMjfbI BfsLf dI cwlI qF ihMdUaF ny afpxI bolI ihMdI
ilKvf idwqI. jy gwl pMjfb dy pfxIaF dI cwlI qF iehnF ny ikhf pfxI ikqy bfhr
QoVI jfxf hY Bfrq ivwc hI qF rihxf hY. jy gwl cMzIgV dI cwlI qF iehnF ny ikhf
ieh XU tI (kyNdr) sLfsLq hI rhy. jy iswKF ny ikhf ik drbfr sfihb qoN sLbd kIrqn
irlya kro qF iehnF ny ikhf kFsLI qy hrduafr qoN vI kro. jy iswKF ny ikhf ik
aMimRqsr sLihr ivwc bIVI isgrt qy pfbMdI lfeI jfvy qF iehnF ny sotIaF qy isgrtF
dIaF zwbIaF tMg ky jlUs kiZwaf qy nfary lgfey-
bIVI isgrt pIeyNgy,
aYsL sy jIeyNgy.
jy iswKF ny ikhf iswK
iewk vwKrI kOm hY qF ieh ikMhdy hn ik nhIN ieh qF ihMdUaF df hI iewk aMg hn.
iswK Drm, iswK swiBafcfr, iswK sMGrsL, dI ivroDqf pMjfbI ihMdUaF ny bVI imhnq
nfl kIqI hY. iesy ivroDqf ny hI hux Kfilsqfn bxfAuxf hY.swp df zMigaf bMdf isrP
mrdf hY pr ibwCU df zMigaf mry BfvyN nF pr qVPdf bhwuq hY. awj iswK vI ihMdI
ihMdU ihMdUsqfn ivwc buwhq qVP rhy hn ikAuNik 1947 ivwc ihMdU rUpI ibwCU ny
iswK kOm dI ajLfdI nMU zMigaf sI. ajy vI ijhVf iswK ieh smJdf hY ik Auh Bfrq
aMdr ajLfd hY Auh iekbfl vrgf byvkUP qF hY hI, sgoN iekbfl vrgf pfgl vI hY.
ihMdU awqvfd dIaF mUMhoN boldIaf qsvIrf dyKo, ieh PotoaF dyK ky pihlF kuwJ soc
smJ ky qolo iPr kuwJ bolo?
iekbfl, pfiksqfn bxn vyly jo hfl hoieaf Ausy hfl iswK
brbfd ho jfxgy.
dfKf, iekbfl jI, sfzy leI kdy mnMU dfqI bixaf sI
aqy awj sfzy leI ihMdUsqfnI ihMdU bRfhmx dfqI bixaf hoieaf hY. dfqIaF dy dMidaF
nfl, afiraF dy dMidaF nfl, crKVIaF dy dMidaF nfl. AubldIaF dygF, qwqIaF qvIaF
aqy jldy tfierF nfl, guriswKI df bVf gUVf sbMD hY. quhfzy brbfdI vrgy lPjL,
sfzy gUVy sbMDF dy rMgF nMU iPkf nhIN pf skdy. Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI leI sfzy pfs, ipRMsIpl gMgf isMG dy
vfirs, zf:hrijMdr isMG idlgIr, sR:gijMdr isMG, zf:suKpRIq isMG Audoky. isrdfr
kpUr isMG dy vfrs, sR:gurqyj isMG, zf:avqfr isMG syKoN. purfqn akflIaF dy vfrs
zf:gurmIq isMG aOlK, sR:ismrnjIq isMG mfn. akflI PUlf isMG dy vfrs BfeI rxjIq
isMG vrgy pMQk drdI mOjUd hn. jo awj vI iswK kOm ‘c ivcrdy, gMgU, cMdU bldyv
isMG aqy mfstr qfrf isMG dy vfrsF nMU pihcfxdy hn. ies leI pihlF vFg iswK brbfd
nhIN blik pihlF nfloN vI abfd hoxgy.
iekbfl jI, ijhVf bMdf
Kqry nhIN AuTfAuNdf Auh kuwJ nhIN krdf aqy nf hI kuwJ pRfpq kr skdf hY blik
pRfpq krn qoN pihlF hI brbfd ho jFdf hY. iswK KqiraF ‘c hI pYdf hMudf hY,
KqiraF ‘c hI sLhId hMudf hY aqy KqiraF nfl Kyzdf hI kuwJ pRfpq krdf hY. jyqUaF
nMU BfvyN cot lwg jFdI hY pr Auh kMm Cwz ky nhIN Bwjdy, TIk iesy qrHF hI swcf
iswK vI musIbqF ivwc iGiraf hoieaf afpxy imQy insLfny nfl sOdy bfjLI nhIN krdf.
awj iswK kOm df insLfnf isrP qy isrP Kfilsqfn hY.
sLyrF vfgMU rihMdy
sfzy hONsly bulMd af, ajLfdI dI msqI c rihxf sfzI afpxI psMd af.
iekbfl, myry siqkfrXog vIr jI, ihMdUaF nfLlL vYr afpF
nUM pihlF hI (84 vyly) bhuq mihMgf ipaf hY ijs dI pIV qusIN aqy asIN hfly vI
Bog rhy hF.
dfKf, iswKF nfl-ihMdUaF df vYr 1984 qoN nhIN, blik
1469 qoN gurU nfnk sfihb jI dI afmd qoN hI sLurU ho igaf sI. ies vYr dI pIVf
(drd) nMU iswK kOm isrP 1984 qoN hI nhIN, blik 1469 qoN hI mihsUs krdI af rhI
hY. ies pIVf (drd) df hwl hux isrP
qy isrP Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI hI hY hor koeI nhIN. iswKF nfl, ihMdUaF dy vYr qoN
iphlF kI bfbr, hmfXU, akbr, aOrMgjyb, afid jF aMgryjF df vYr nhIN sI ipaf?
iswKF leI, ihMdUaF df vYr muslm hkUmqF jF aMgryjF qoN ikvyN ‘qy ikMnf mihMgf
aqy ikvyN vKrf hY? ies vfry vI jLrUr smJfAu?.
asIN iksy dy vYrI
nhIN,
blik vYr pfAux vfilaF
aqy
vYr kmfAux vfilaF dy
mUhry ihkF qfx ky
jLrUr KVy hF,
KVHdy hF,
mrdy dm qwk KVHdy
rhFgy.
jdoN asIN nhI rhFgy,
AudoN hor AuT pYxgy.
iekbfl jI, guriswKI
ny nf qF jLbrI jMJU pfAux idwqf aqy nf hI lfhux idwqf. hux ienHF jMJU DfrIaF ny
guriswK dI ikRpfn nMU hI lfhux dI Tfx leI hY. afpxI ikRpfn dI ihPfjLq leI
guriswK mrqf mrqf ikaf nf krqf (Kfilsqfn) dy rsqy pY igaf hY. guriswK nMU ies
rsqy pfAux vflf koeI hor nhIN blik quhfzf hI ihMdU awqvfd hY. quhfzy jMJU lYhx
qoN guriswK dI ikRpfn ny hI rfKI kIqI sI, awj qusIN guriswK dI ikRpfn dy hI
vYrI bx gey ho. guriswK dI ikRpfn ny jMJU dy vYrI nhIN Cwzy, hux guriswK dI
ikRpfn ny quhfzy vrgy ikRpfn vYrIaF nMU vI nhIN bKCxf.
iekbfl jI iewk gwl
Xfd rwiKA, pMizq jvfhr lfl nihrU iswKF ivruwD nPrq afpxy sIny ivwc lY ky hI
miraf, pr Aus dy pYrokfrF nMU pMjfbI sUby dI mMg mMnxI hI peI. TIk iesy qrHF
awj qusIN Kfilsqfn dI ivroDqf krdy ho, kwlH nMU quhfzy bwicaF nMU Kfilsqfn dI
pRfpqI mnjUr krnI hI pYxI hY. sfzy vwloN Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI dI syvf, iswK kOm
dIaF afAux vflIaF kRoVF kRoVF nslF dy BivWK dI syvf hY. bRfhmx iksy df Xfr nhIN
hY, isrP afpxy mqlb df Xfr hY. gurU ky Kflsy nMU iksy df dfs bx ky rihx dI afdq
nhIN hY. ajLfdI dI muhbq vflI DVkn aYsI hMudI hY, jo asfnI nfl bldyv isMG dy
vfrsF iekbfl vrigaF nMU nhIN smJfeI jf skdI.
iekbfl, vIr jI pMjfb dy sUJvfn lok Kfilsqfn nhIN
chuMdy, nf hI pMjfb qoN bfhr sfry Bfrq ivwc cMgI rotI KFdy iswK AuWjV ky pMjfb
afAuxf chuMdy ny.
dfKf, Kfilsqfn bxfAux leI-soc kfiem hY-koisLsL jfrI
hY pr ajy iekbfl vrgy sUJvfnF dI gdfrI BfrI hY. iekbfl vrgy sUJvfn lok 1947 ‘c
vI aMgryjF qoN ajLfdI hFsl krn leI awgy nhIN sI afey. iesy leI qF aMgryjF nfl
sO sfl lVnf ipaf sI. guriswK
ieiqhfs dI rOsLnI ‘c agy vwDx vfilaF mUhry asIN sIs JukfAuNNdy hF, pr quhfzy
vrgy aqy KusLvMq isMG, bldyv isMG, mfstr qfrf isMG, lONgovfl, surjIq isMG
brnflf, igafnI jYl isMG, bUtf isMG, drbfrf isMG, pRqfp isMG kYroN, bfdl pirvfr,
vrgy pMQ ivroDI sUJvfnF nMU dUroN hI slfm cMgI hY. cMgI rotI Kfx vfly bldyv
isMG ny iswK kOm dI ajLfdI nMU, iswK kOm dI KusLhflI nMU afpxy kfrKfinaF qoN
vfr idwqf. quhfzy vrgy iehnF sfry sUJvfnF nMU asIN(alI bfbf gFDI cflI cor
ikMhdy hF)ienHF dIaF PotoaF dyK lvo http://www.flickr.com/photos/28100615@N07/
iekbfl, iekw gwl hor ieh hY ik ijhVy vIr Bfrq qoN
bfhr rih ky Kfilsqfn df pRcfr kr rhy hn, Aus df koeI Kfs Pfiedf nhIN.
dfKf, msy rMGV df isr pMjfb ivcoN af ky nhIN blik
bfhroN jf ky vizaf sI. ieMdrf gFDI, jrnl vYidaf, llq mfkn, nMU AuhnF dy sihrF
ivcoN AuT ky hI nhIN blik pMjfb Kfilsqfn qoN jf ky hI soDy lwgy hn. ihMdUsqfn
nMU ajLfd krfAux leI gdr lihr, ihMdUsqfn ivcoN nhIN blik bfhroN hI cwlI sI.
Kfilsqfn nMU ajLfd krfAux leI vI bfhroN hI lihr cwlxI hY aqy pRcfr vI bfhroN hI
hoxf hY. bIqy guriswK ieiqhfs dI rOsLnI ‘c hI dl Kflsf alfieSs ny awgy vwDx dI
koisLsL jfrI rwKI hoeI hY. iesy koisLsL ‘c iswK kOm iewk idn jrUr sPl hovygI
aqy dunIaF dy nksLy qy Kfilsqfn rUpvfn hovygf.
iekbfl, quhfnUM afpxf imsLn pUrf krn leI nYlsn mMzyly cfhIdy hn ijhVy nf Aumr Br jylLF
'c rihx qoN zrdy hox qy nf hI golIaF qoN.
dfKf, nYsnl mMzyly dI dl Kflsf alfieSs kdr krdf hY
pr Aus dI gwl asIN qF krIey jy iswK kOm kol afpxf Auwcf suwcf qy kImqI isrijaf
ieiqhfs nf hovy. nYsLnl mMzyly dI gwl krn qoN pihlF kI quhfnMU guriswK ieiqhfs
dIaF kurbfnIaF njLr nhIN afeIaF.
iekbfl jI ieh vI Xfd rwKo ik Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI df mOjUdf ieiqhfs afpxy
sLfnfmqy purfqn guriswK ieiqhfs nMU hI duhrf irhf hY. purfqn simaF ‘c vI isMGF
nMU swp aqy kuwqy ilwKx vfly sn aqy awj vI quhfzy vrgy mOjUd hn. ieh vI Xfd
rwKo ik dl Kflsf alfieSs pRdysF ivwc suwKF BrI ijLMdgI nhIN blik Kfilsqfn dI
pRfpqI leI jlfvqnI dI ijLMdgI bqIq kr irhf hY. aYsI jlfvqnI dI ijMLdgI ivcoN
sfnMU duwK nhIN blik iswK kOm dI ajLfdI (Kfilsqfn) dI pRfpqI dI ikrn njLr af
rhI hY. ijLMnF icr asIN iswK kOm dI ajLfdI (Kfilsqfn) dI pRfpqI nhIN kr lYNdy,
AunHF icr pRdysF dI imwTI ijMdgI vI sfzy leI imwTI jyl qoN iksy vI qrIky Gwt
nhIN hY. dl Kflsf alfieSs smUh bdysLI srkfrF df DMnvfd krdf hY ijLMnF ny sfzy
vrgy smUh ajLfdI psMdF nMU afpxIaF bulkF ‘c bYTf ky, sfnMU afpxy hkF dI rfKI
leI sFq meI ZMg qfriikaF nfl kuwJ bolx aqy ilwKx df aiDkfr idwqf hoieaf hY.
iekbfl, myry siqkfr Xog vIr dfKf sfihb vrgy sUrmy
iswK agr afpxy prvfr nUM lY ky pMjfb ivwc qy Bfrq dy bfkI sUibaF 'c jf ky
Kfilsqfn df pRcfr krn qf ibhqr hovygf.
dfKf, myry vrgy bhuq sUrmy jF mYQoN vI vwD sUrmy
pirvfrF smyq pMjfb Kfilsqfn ivwc ivcr ky Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI df pRcfr kr rhy hn,
ijs idn myrI AuQy kmI mihsUs hovygI mYN phMuc jfvFgf. mYQoN pihlF ijhVy AuQy
Kfilsqfn df pRcfr kr rhy hn AunHF dy hwk jF pwK ivwc KVo ky hux qwk qusIN kI
Xogdfn pf rhy ho? ds skdy ho qF dso ?
qusIN iswK kOm dI ajLfdI dy pRcfrkF dy smrQk ho jF tfAUtIaF gdfrIaF
muKbrIaF krn vfilaF dI kqfr ‘c jF isrP ivroDIaF dI kqfr ‘c KVy ho? qusIN kOx ho,
ikQoN ho qy kI ho, ieh vI jLrUr dso qF ik quhfnMU quhfzI Xogqf muqfibk bxdf
iejLq mfx siqkfr (lONgovfl dy smrQkF vFg jF iBMzrFvfilaF dy smrQkF vFg) jLrUr
idwqf jf sky. mYN kOx hF, ikQoN hF
aqy kI hF, ieh qF quhfnMU pqf hI hY, ies leI mYnMU dsx dI loV nhIN ikAuNik mYN
pihlF AuWpr ds afieaf hF. jy qusIN iPr vI myry vfry kuwJ puwCxf cfho, qF qusIN
jgrfAuN Tfxy, dfKy Tfxy aqy luiDafxy sI afeI stfP ‘c myrIaF lgIaF PotoaF dyK
skdy ho, jo afpxI jLbfnI boldIaF hn, ik mYN kOx hF qy kI hF aqy ikQoN hF.
nF mYN lfhIaF vflIaF,
nf mYN sfVy KoKy, nF mYN luwty Tyky,
shurIN Auh vsfeIaF,
jo shuiraF vwloN bYTfeIaF sI pyky.
iekbfl, mYN vfr vfr jLor dyxf cfhFgf ik afpF 1984 qoN
sbk jLrUr iswKIey.
dfKf, dl Kflsf alfieSs ny 1947 qoN lY ky 1984 rfhIN
awj qwk sbk iswiKaf hY, ik sfnMU ihMdUsqfn qoN vwK ho ky jldI qoN jldI Kfilsqfn
pRfpq krnf cfhIdf hY, qF ik ieh ihMdUsqfnI ihMdU awqvfdI lok dubfrf iswK kOm qy
hmlfvr bx ky nf af skx.
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswKF nfl sMn 47 kFz dubfrf nhIN vfprygf?
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswKF nfl 1978 vrgf inMrkfrI kFz dubfrf nhIN
vfprygf?
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswKF nfl jMUn 1984 vrgf iBafnk kFz dubfrf nhIN
hovygf?
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswKF nfl nvMbr 1984 vrgI kqlyafm dubfrf nhIN
hovygI?
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswKF idaF kfqlF jgdIsL tfietlr, kypI aYs igl,
sumyD sYxI vrigaF, afid nMU ihMdUsqfnI kfnMUn sjfvF dyvygf?
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswKF nMU brfbr dy sLihrI vfly sfry aiDkfr pRfpq
ho skxgy?
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, ihMdUaF vwloN iswK kOm nMU iewk vwKrf Drm svIkfr
kr ilaf jfvygf.
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswK kOm nMU imly jLrfiem pysLF dy iKqfb Doqy
jfxgy?
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswKF nMU awqvfdI vwKvfdI afqMkvfdI kihky nhIN
pukfiraf jfvygf aqy nf hI pfiksqfn
dy eyjMt hox dI sLwk rhygI?
*quhfzy kol kI gRMtI
hY ik ihMdUsqfn ‘c rihMidaF, iswKF dy gurduafry nhIN sfVy jfxgy aqy iswK nhIN
ilqfVy jfxgy?
*jy quhfzy kol ienHF
glHF df jvfb vI koeI nhIN aqy gRMtI vI koeI nhIN, qF iekvfl jI qusIN sfnMU 1984
qoN ikhVy sbk isKx dI pRyrnf dyxf cfhMudy ho. sfnMU sbk isKfAux qoN pihlF,
ihMdI ihMdU ihMdUsqfnIaF nMU guriswK ieiqhfs Xfd rwKxf cfhIdf hY, ik jy iswK
kOm rfj Bfg kurbfnIaF krky duaf skdI hY qF afpxf bxdf rfj Bfg vfps vI lY skdI
hY. jy iswK kOm pihlF vI afpxy rfj Bfg sQfipq kr skdI sI qF hux vI afpxy bIqy
ieiqhfs dI rONsnI ‘c muV afpxf rfj Bfg sQfipq kr skdI hY. ies leI smF Gwt vwD
jrUr lwg skdf hY.
iekbfl, vIr jI Auh nf hovy ik 84 vrgf iewk hor
GlUGfrf krvf ky hor isK mrvf bYTIey.
dfKf, kwl muslmfn rfj ‘c quhfzy ihMdUaF dI Kfqr kI
84 vrgy GlUGfry pihlF iswK kOm nfl nhIN vfpry, kI Aus vkq vI iswK sLhId krvf
ky, iswK kOm sFqIN nfl bYT geI sI?
*kwl muslm hkUmq dy
GlUGfry iswK kOm nMU Kqm nhIN kr sky, awj ihMdU hkUmq dy GlUGfry vI iswK kOm
nMU Kqm nhIN kr skxgy.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
drbfr sfihb aMimRqsr qy hmlf kIqf sI, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny drbfr sfihb aMimRqsr
qy hmlf kIqf hY.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
iswKF dy isrF dy muwl pfey sn, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny iswKF dy isrF dy muwl pfey
hn.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
iswKF nMU swp dy bwcy ikhf sI, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny iswKF nMU tYroirsLt afqMkvfdI
ikhf hY.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
ihMdUaF nMU GoVy rwKx dI mnfhI kIqI sI, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny isrdfr kpUr isMG jI
nMU aMbYszr kfr KrIdx aqy rwKx dI mnfhI kIqI sI.(pVHo sfcI sfKI)
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
iswKF dy kfqlF nMU jfgIrF idwqIaF sn, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny iswKF dy kfqlF nMU
vjLIrIaF aqy qgmy idwqy hn.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
iswKF nMU afry nfl cIr ky sLhId kIqf sI, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny iswK nMU do jIpF
mgr bMn ky ivcfilAuN pfV ky sLhId kIqf hY.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
swq swq mhInyaF dy bwicaF nMU nyijaF qy tMigaf sI, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny swq mhIny
dI bwcI dy srIr qoN kpVy Auqfr ky, srIr qy imTf mwl ky, kIVIaF dy BOx qy
ibTfieaf hY. ieh myrI afpxI bwcI dI vrqf hY jo amrIkn kFgrs dy irkfrz ivwc,
kFgrs mYn zYn brtn vwloN drj hY.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
iswKF nMU bMd bMd kwt ky sLhId kIqf sI, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny ijAUNdy iswKF dIaF
awKF kZIaF, jmUrF nfl nMuh iKwc iKwc qoVy, qqy srIey srIrF ivwc dI lMGfey,
afid.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
iswKF nMU AubldIaF dygF ‘c Aubfilaf sI, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny iswKF nMU Aubldy
pfxI dy kVfhyaF ‘c ijAUNidaf Aubfl ky sLhId kIqf hY.
*kwl muslm hkUmq vyly
cMdU qy gMgU afid vrgy iswKF dy iKlfP Bugqy sn, awj ihMdU rfj vyly, quhfzy vrgy
rfmUvflIey vI iswK kOm dI cVHdI klHf dy iKlfP Bugq rhy hn.
*kwl muslm hkUmq ny
jo jLbr jLulm ihMdUaF qy kIqy sn, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny Aus qoN vI vwD jLbr jLulm
iswK kOm ‘qy kIqy hn aqy kr rhI
hY.
*kwl aMgryjL hkUmq ny
jilaF vfly bfg rfhIN iswK kqlyafm kIqI sI, awj ihMdU hkUmq ny nvMbr 1984 ‘c
iswK kqlyafm kIqI hY.
*muslm aqy ihMdU
hkUmq nfl sbiDMq iswKF dy GlUGfry ieh nf mfqr iesLfry hI kfPI hn pr ieiqhfs
bhuq lMmf hY. iekbfl jI, jy iswK kOm pihlF nhIN zolI qF Gbrfht awj iks gwl dI
hY.
asIN ajy ijAUNdy,asIN
ajy jfgdy,
asIN pMjfb Kfilsqfn
ivcoN ihMdUsqfnI rfj BjfvFgy,
Kfilsqfn ajfd
krfvFgy.
iekbfl, myry AuWpr jvfbI hmlf krn dI QF myry vwloN
ibafn kIqIaF hkIkqF nUM ivcfrn dI koisLsL kro.
dfKf, quhfzy vwloN ilwKIaF geIaF hkIkqF nMU, jy
qusIN afp hI iewk vfr iehnF nMU TMzy mqy nfl pVH ky ivcfiraf hMudf, qF sLfied
quhfnMU ieh svflF Biraf Kwq myry vwl nMU nf Byjxf pYNdf. ijhVf iKzfrI Kyz dy
mYdfn ‘c jfky swt lwgx dy zroN zrI hI jfvygf Auh afpxI Kyz df pRdrsLn vI cMgf
nhIN kr pfeygf aqy bfkI nfl dy iKzfrIaF df mnovl vI zygygf. aYsy zrpok iKzfrI
nMU Kyz dy mYdfn qoN dUr hI rihxf cfhIdf hY. jy hmlfvr bx ky jfx vflf, mUhirAuN
hox vfly hmly qoN pihlF hI zrI jfvygf qF Auh ijwq pRfpq kdI vI nhIN kr skygf. jy iksy nMU kuwJ ilwK ky
Byjx df sLONk hY qF jvfb afAux dI AuzIk krnf vI iswKo. hkIkqF isrP AuhI hI nhIN
hMudIaF jo qusIN ilwK ky Byj idwqIaF, hkIkqF Auh vI hMudIaF hn jo quhfnMU jvfb
‘c pVHnIaF pYxgIaF.
*iekbfl jI, quhfzy
jvfb ‘c ilwiKaf igaf myrf Kwq, quhfzy AuWpr jvfbI hmlf nhIN blik quhfzI hkIkq
AuWqy myrI nsIhq hY. ies qy gOr PrmfAuxf aqy iswK kOm dI ajLfdI (Kfilsqfn) dI
pRfpqI leI awgy afAuxf.
*iekbfl jI, gwl peIaF
gulfmI dIaF jMjIrF nMU gihxy smJxf Cwz ky afpxI ibrqI nMU ajLfdI df aSnuBv
krfAu.
Kfilsqfn dI pRfpqI
leI hMBlf sfzf-sfQ quhfzf
quhfzy imlvrqx aqy
ivcfrF dI AuzIk rhygI.
Kfilsqfn ijMLdfbfd, ihMdUsqfn
murdfbfd
ihMdUsqfnIA Kfilsqfn
ajLfd kro
ieMzIaf tYroirst
kMntrI, ieMzIan bRfhmx ihMdU tYroirst.
gurU gRMQ ‘qy pMQ dI
syvf ivwc
pMQ df syvfdfr
510-774-909
Kflsqfn ijMLdfbfd
prmjIq isMG syKoN
(dfKf)
pRDfn, dl Kflsf
alfieSs
azvfiejLr, kONsl afP
Kflsqfn
pRYs sYktrI, by
eyrIaf iswK alfieSs
PfAUNzr, ieMtrnYsLnl
iswK sfihq sBf
mYNbr, df iswK
aYjUkysLnl trst kYnyzf
mYNbr, vrlz iswK
kONsl ihAUmn rfiets ivMg
kOafrzInytr,
ieMtrnYsLnl iswK siBafcfr susfietI
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